Tc in The Field of Radiofarmation : A Review

Technetium-99m (99mTc) has been applied in nuclear medicine as a radiopharmacy for both diagnosis and therapy. 99mTc is obtained from a 99Mo/99mTc (half-life 66 h) generator in the form of sodium pertechnetate (Na[TcO4]) by decaying to 99Tc for 6 hours and emitting gamma energy rays (Eɤ = 140 keV). This radionuclide has an electron configuration of 4d5 5s2, which will form complexes with different ligands and have oxidation rates from +1 to +7. The coordinated complex of technetium-99m has been utilized in nuclear medicine in tissues and organs (thyroid, red and white blood cells, kidneys, brain, myocardial, and bone). The resulting kit production must have based on Good Manufacturing Practice, which consists of batch planning, washing, sterilization of glassware and stopper, starting material, preparation of large quantities of the solution, sterile filtration, dispensing, crimping, a summary of process control, quarantine, packaging and leaving the production premises.


Introduction
In general, radiopharmaceuticals are a medicinal product that is usually given to patients intravenously.
Radiopharmaceuticals are a combination of the relationship between 2 elements, carriers, and at least one radioactive atom, which has nuclear, diagnostic, and therapeutic properties. Carriers play a significant role in transporting selective radionuclides to specific biological targets (Figure 1).
The role of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine is crucial to do as an early preventive measure against cancer before it occurs so that it has expected to help patients before the stage of metastasis.

99m Tc radiation
Technetium has element number 43, which Perrier and Segrè in 1937 in samples of molybdenum irradiated by deuteron (9). 99m Figure 3). The 99m Tc-pertechnetate sodium obtained is readily available for injection or other radiopharmaceutical preparation (1).

Chemical Basic Properties of Tc
Technetium has an electron configuration of 4d 5 5s 2 , where it will undergo the formation of complexes with different ligands, and the oxidation state changes Technetium also has an electric charge (Z) consisting of anionic (Z = -1), neutral (Z = 0) and cationic (Z = +1).      6).
l,l-[ 99m Tc]Tc-ECD as a perfusion imaging agent in the brain with the market name Neurolite®. This complex compound is ne utral and is forming by many Tc≡O coordination bonds of the tetradentate ligand with the two donor atoms of nitrogen and sulfur whose arrangement is square or pyramidal. This excellent symmetry makes the complex hydrophobic due to lipophilicity, which crosses the blood-brain barrier.

99m Tc(V)-Hydrazido Metal Fragment
Metalorganohydrazine chemistry is an alternative approach to radiopharmaceutical design based on the

GMP for KIT Production
The production of kits for the 99m  Completed batch processing should be recording and stored for at least three years after product expiration to trace the history of the product and process and the starting material used for its manufacture. General procedures for radiopharmaceutical kit production include batch planning, washing, sterilization of glassware and stoppers, starting materials, preparing large quantities of solutions, sterile filtration, dispensing, crimping, and summary controls processes, quarantine, packaging, and leaving the production premises (10).

Conclusion
Technetium has an electron configuration of 4d 5 5s 2 , which forms complexes with different ligands and has an oxidation state of +1 to +7. The use of 99m Tc in nuclear medicine is very diverse in tissues and organs for diagnosis and therapy, ranging from the thyroid, red and white blood cells, kidneys, brain, myocardial, and bone. 99m